The prevalence of Electric Vehicles has been expanding day by day. It is obvious that people are getting encouraged by the idea of environmental protection. However, that’s not all! It is the overall assembling and manufacturing process of EVs that leads people to buy them. Who would otherwise risk thousands and millions of dollars in buying an EV, only to support a cause? After all, vehicles are luxury assets. You buy one today, and if you have to sell it tomorrow, the price is already declining. Thereafter, there definitely has to be something about EVs that attract people toward them. And certainly, it is the building process, the parts, and the technological advancement wherein EVs have reached. Besides, one of the major reasons behind the desirability of EVs is their Drivetrain System. The EV drivetrain system. Through the drivetrain system, the mechanical power of the engine is transferred to the wheels in order to make them move.
What is an EV Drivetrain?
People usually have confusion about the existence of a drivetrain in EVs. Many perceive the drivetrain to be a specific part like the engines, wheels, and driveshaft in a vehicle. However, it is not so as the drivetrain as a whole means many parts put together in a vehicle. The drivetrain is formed out of multiple parts including transmission, driveshaft, axles, and wheels.
In a car, wheels are the prime moving components and they move because of the engine’s synchronization with the drivetrain. It basically transfers the energy of the engine to the wheel, which leads the wheel to make movements.
How Does an EV Drivetrain System Work?
In an EV, the engine, which is the electric version of the motor, produces the power. It produces 1200 RPM usable torque and 2500 to 4000 RPM peak torque. Similarly, a 5000 to 7000 RPM upper usable speed limit is existent in the motor.
Further, the role of drive shafts arrives as they are the connectors between the electric motor and the wheels. They supply the torque to the wheels coming all the way from the motor. In the end, motor speed and torque gets regulated with the help of this transmission. This transmission also regulates the efficiency of the speed.
Importance of the System
An EV’s drivetrain system works co-existentially with the motor to deliver power to the movable body of the EV. The speed efficiency of the EVs would get affected if the drivetrain system were inexistent. Also, it helps control the torque as well as the speed of the electric motor.
Thus, it’s obvious that the significance of the drivetrain system keeps growing with the improvement of electric mediums. It is an important asset for the betterment of battery technology in the world.
What makes the System Successful?
Electrifying the drivetrain system is not as easy as it sounds. Just like in fuel-based vehicles, batteries, traction motors, and power electronics are key elements in electric drivetrain systems as well.
Additionally, in terms of motors, brushed DC, brushless DC, and induction motors are most common in electric drivetrain systems.
- Brushed DC Motor: This kind of motor is mapped to run from a direct power source. It is popular for being the simplest as well as an affordable electric motor. It is equipped with a rotor and a stator.
- Brushless DC Motors: Brushless DC Motors are comparatively more expensive, plus having a longer lifespan than the brushed DC motor. It is also famously known as an electronically commutated motor (ECM) or Synchronous DC Motor. These kinds of motors are more efficient to use.
- Induction Motors: Induction Motors, also known as Asynchronous Motors are AC electric motors. They can be made without electric connectors and are the most expensive kind of motors. In addition, they also have the longest timespan.
Alongside the kind of motor used, the weight, speed, friction, power output, and torque also play an important role in the EV drivetrain system.
Future of the System
With the advancement of EVs, its power transferring sector, i.e. drivetrain system becomes more and more significant. It has already been evolving magnificently and surely has an unstoppable future. Hence, it won’t be unfair to say that, the more the drivetrain system gets advanced, the world will see better EVs in the upcoming days.
